PHI 208- Week 5- Final Paper

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Final Paper

Please read these assignment instructions before writing your
paper, and re-read them often during and after the writing process to
make sure that you are fulfilling all of the instructions. Please also
utilize the assignment guidance and the outlined model provided.

Overview
In the Week One Assignment, you formulated a concrete ethical
question, took a position on that topic, and identified a reason
supporting and a reason opposing that position. In the Week Three
Assignment, you discussed either deontological or utilitarian theory,
applied that theory to the question, and raised a relevant objection.

By engaging with the course material, you now have had a
chance to refine your thinking and broaden your understanding of the
problem by approaching it from the perspective of multiple ethical
theories.

In this paper, you will demonstrate what you have learned by writing an essay in which you

• Present a revised formulation of the ethical question and introduction to the topic.
• Explain the kind of reasoning you think is the best way to
  approach this question, and how that reasoning supports the position
  you think is strongest.
• Raise an objection, and be able to respond to it.

Instructions
Write an essay that conforms to the requirements below. The
paper must be 1500 to 2000 words in length (excluding the title and
reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in
the Ashford Writing Center.

The paragraphs of your essay should conform to the following guidelines:

• Introduction
  Your first paragraph should begin with the topic question,
  suitably revised. It should be focused, concrete, and on a relevant
  moral problem. You should then introduce the topic in the way described
  by the Week One instructions, but reflecting the developed
  understanding and information you have gained about the topic and any
  necessary refinement of the scope.

  Follow this with a thesis statement that states your
  position, and a brief description of the primary reason(s) supporting
  your position. (See the handout on thesis statements provided). Finally, provide a brief preview of the overall aim and procedure of your paper.

• Explanation and Demonstration of Moral Reasoning
  This section of the Final Paper will explain and
  demonstrate what you believe to be the best way of reasoning about the
  question you have chosen, and showing how that reasoning supports the
  position you have taken on the question. You might explain the
  principles, rules, values, virtues, conceptions of purposes and ends,
  and other general ideas that you find persuasive, and show how they
  support concrete judgments.

  In the course of doing so, you must make reference to at
  least two of the approaches that we have examined in the course (such as
  deontological, utilitarian, or virtue-based), and utilize at least one
  resource off the provided list for each of the two approaches. One of
  these theories may be the theory you discussed in your Week Three
  Assignment, but your discussion here should be more refined.

  For example, you might find the reasoning associated with
  Aristotelian virtue ethics to be the most compelling, and reference
  Aristotle in the process of showing how that reasoning supports a
  certain conclusion. In the course of this, you could contrast that with a
  utilitarian approach, referencing Mill for instance.

• Objection and Response
  After explaining the ethical reasoning that supports your
  position, you should raise an objection and respond to it. An objection
  articulates a plausible reason why someone might find the argument
  weak or problematic. You should explain how it brings out this
  weakness, and do so in a way that would be acceptable to someone who
  disagrees with your own argument. Then, provide the best response you
  can to the objection, showing how it does not undermine your position.
  Your response should not simply restate your original position or
  argument, but should say something new in support of it.
• Conclusion
  Provide a conclusion that sums up what you presented in the paper and offers some final reflections.

Resource Requirement
You must use at least four scholarly resources. Two of the resources must be drawn from the list of acceptable primary resources
on each of the two theories you discuss. For example, if you discuss
deontology and virtue ethics, you would need at least one resource under
the “Deontology” list and at least one resource under the “Virtue
Ethics” list. The other two may be from either the Required or
Recommended Resources, or scholarly resources found in the Ashford
University Library.