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1. Chanel Hildre – DB:4- What Makes Us Human? – MAIN POST

1-Chimp society vs. human society. Do you find similarities and differences between the Chimp society and the Human Society? Compare human and Chimp behavior and explain why you think they are different or similar.

• There are quite a few similarities between our society and the Chimp’s society and behavior. For one, we have similar characteristics such as we share characteristics such as flat faces, clavicles, greater brain sizes, flexible shoulders and hips, and front-facing eyes. Chimpanzee moms, like humans, care for their offspring after birth, providing food, warmth, and safety, as well as teaching them survival skills. We also share similar feelings, Chimps, like humans, can have complex cognitive processes and emotions. Chimps are sociable animals who feel joy, grief, jealousy, affection, and compassion. They can experience despair and solitude, and they have expressive expressions that allow them to communicate many emotions and behaviors (How Humans).

2-Stress response in daily life. What are some examples of stress response? Can you compare stress response to our daily life and primate and mammal life?

• Our bodies have a very distinct way of responding to stress. Once something unpleasant occurs, the body has a system in place to keep you safe from potential danger. This process is governed by brain regions, primarily the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as well as hormones like cortisol. On the other hand, Chimpanzees may respond to worried valuable partners by soothing them and lowering their stress levels, especially if reconciliation is not possible (Stress Reduction).

3-Why do humans run? How does the human body work? Explain the parts of the human body responsible for this action.

• The capacity to run great distances in pursuit of prey, such as ostrich or antelope, provided us with evolutionary advantages as well as an Achilles tendon designed for long-distance running. The nuchal ligament is a ligament that prevents our heads from tipping forward. The reason that we have such flat faces and teeth that are pushed so far back in our heads is also all about having a good center of gravity while running (We evolved). Our bodies are made up of a variety of biological systems that perform specialized functions that are required for daily functioning. The circulatory system’s duty is to transport blood, nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hormones throughout the body (The human body).

4-As we look ahead what challenges human evolution in the future? How will we behave in the future? Describe how you think you will behave in the future.

• I believe that humans will evolve to have a longer life span and I don’t know what the future brings but with the way the world is right now, society is on 50/50 whether it’ll change for the better or worse.

5-What are the three crucial sources and information that help us understand who we are as a species and how we became that way?

• There are numerous theories regarding what makes us human, many of which are related or interconnected. For thousands of years, people have pondered the question of human existence. Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, as well as innumerable thinkers thereafter, hypothesized the nature of human existence. Despite how similar humans are to other primates, hypotheses from various disciplines of study, including biology, psychology, and paleoanthropology, contend that certain characteristics are distinctively human (Important features).

6-Is any human evolution research funded by the federal government? If so, describe what type of research and how it is beneficial for the future.

• There is research on this topic funded by an NSF hominid grant whose goal is to improve the understanding of our origins. This study is an attempt to answer long-standing doubts concerning the contributions of extinct members of our genus to the gene pool of our modern human species.

7-How important is human evolution research and what is the urgency for this research? Which organizations usually fund this research? Explain

• Human evolution reveals our species’ history. We may trace our ancestors back millions of years by analyzing the fossil record and discovering the changes that occurred in our body shape, brain size, behavior, and culture over time. We can also learn about the past diversity of human species and how they interacted with one another and with their surroundings (Intro to Human Evolution).

8-How important is the Leaky Family’s research in Human evolution? Explain

• The Leakeys The Leakey family is the most well-known and industrious group of paleoanthropologists or those who study human origins. They have discovered key discoveries indicating that humans originated in Africa and that human predecessors were far older than previously thought over the course of more than seventy years (Encyclopedia).

Work Cited

Encyclopedia.com. (2023, October 30). .” biology. . encyclopedia.com. 19 Oct. 2023 . Encyclopedia.com. https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/leakey-family#:~:text=Leakey%20Family%20The%20Leakey%20family%20has%20been%20the,human%20ancestors%20were%20much%20older%20than%20previously%20believed.

Fraser, O. N., Stahl, D., & Aureli, F. (2008, June 24). Stress reduction through consolation in chimpanzees. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC24383…

How humans differ from chimps: Inside our shared evolution – 2023. MasterClass. (n.d.). https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-humans-di…

Introduction to human evolution. The Smithsonian Institution’s Human Origins Program. (2022, July 11). https://humanorigins.si.edu/education/introduction…

Jones, H. (2022, June 15). What is the stress response?. Verywell Health. https://www.verywellhealth.com/stress-response-522…

Marder, L. (2019, July 14). Important features that separate humans from other species. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-makes-us-human-4150…

Rettner, R., & Dutfield, S. (2021, December 17). The human body: Anatomy, facts & functions. LiveScience. https://www.livescience.com/37009-human-body.html

Worrall, S. (2021, May 4). We evolved to run-but we’re doing it all wrong. Science. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article…

2.Kaitlyn Lewis- DB:4- What Makes Us Human? – MAIN POST

1-Chimp society vs. human society. Do you find similarities and differences between the Chimp society and the Human Society? Compare human behavior and Chimp behavior and explain why you think they are different or similar.

I find the differences between the Chimp society and the Human Society to be very slight. Chimps are seen in a community to be very similar to humans. It is almost as if we are forced to understand that we are not the only living beings with distinct personalities, feelings, and cognitive ability. (What Makes Us Human 1:08) Because of these abilities, like humans, some home life can have some hardships. There are good mothers, and bad mothers, bad fathers, and good fathers. And like human children, homelife can affect the chimp as they grow older. (What Makes Us Human 1:05)

2-Stress response in daily life. What are some examples of stress response? Can you compare stress response to our daily life and also to primate and mammal life?

Some examples of stress responses can be the alertness that we are going to die some day, and or phobias of things such as airplanes. We did not evolve for those stressors, when you consider other humans who do not have these same stressors as you this is clear. (What Makes Us Human 2:40)

3-Why do humans run? How does the human body work? Explain the parts of the human body responsible for this action.

There are reasons why sports and activities that include running such as track and marathons can be so addicting to us. Humans originally started running due to hunting, they did so bare foot. This is interesting because humans didn’t start wearing running shoes till the 1970s. Studies show that people who wear no shoes during running have better results than those wearing “running” shoes. (What Makes Us Human 3:10)

4-As we look ahead, what challenges will human evolution face in the future? How will we behave in the future? Describe how you think you will behave in the future.
Chimps living in groups with their relatives or those living near them (most likely males) are prone to killing them. On earth, there are only two species who do this, and they are extremely similar. (What Makes Us Human 4:15) The groups are chimps and humans. This shows that these patterns aren’t so much cultural but embedded deep into genetics As we look ahead into the future, climate change, diseases, peoples actions upon another all affect the challenges of evolution. (What Makes Us Human 5:00) I believe we will behave somewhat the same as we do know, however I feel that we won’t be as negligent when it comes to the planet. As humans we tend to overlook things until it is right in our face. I fear that most won’t truly know the damage that has been done to our planet until we see it. I believe I will be more educated, mature, and hopefully doing everything I can do aid those who are in need.

5-What are the three crucial sources and information that helps us understand who we are as a species and how we became that way?

The three crucial sources we need are studies of primates in the wild, studies of hunter/gatherer peoples, and studies of human fossils (What Makes Us People 5:05)

6-Is any human evolution research funded by the federal government? If so, describe what type of research and how it is beneficial for the future?

No, none of human evolution research is being funded by the federal government. There is plenty of research that is beneficial for the future…the study of primates is extremely crucial as most are going extinct in the present day.

7-How important is human evolution research and what is the urgency for this research? Which organizations usually fund this research? Explain
Human evolution research is incredibly important as it nourishes the human soul. Understanding where we come from helps give factual insight and meaning to our presence. The Leaky Foundation currently funds research for human evolution, and just about every big time article you see of human evolution was most likely brought to you by them. (What Makes Us Human 5:50)

8-How important is the Leaky Family’s research in Human evolution? Explain

The Leaky Family’s research, kickstarter publicity for science and science discoveries. They are providing information on how we think of our biology, health, and well being. Leaky was the one who fought for Jane Goodall to go study chimps. Without the Lekay foundation, there is no telling we would have ever known of everything Jane had researched. (What Makes Us Human 6:30)